# Useful links {% hint style="info" %} This wiki is now **archived**. You should instead visit the [Linebender wiki](https://linebender.org/wiki/) at {% endhint %} There are no well-condensed sources of 2D graphics knowledge. Rather, it is dispersed over a wide number of blogs, pages, articles, and brains. This page attempts to collate *links* to some of this information. ### History * A brief history of 2D graphics is presented in this [introduction for a course](https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01815193/document) on digital typography. * [Font rendering is getting interesting](https://aras-p.info/blog/2017/02/15/Font-Rendering-is-Getting-Interesting/) * [Why are 2D vector graphics so much harder than 3D?](https://blog.mecheye.net/2019/05/why-is-2d-graphics-is-harder-than-3d-graphics/) ### Blogs * [Mozilla gfx team ](https://mozillagfx.wordpress.com)(WebRender, design of 2D graphics APIs for the browser) * [nical's blog](https://nical.github.io/index.html) (Lyon, WebRender, general 2D graphics API design considerations) * [kvark's blog](http://kvark.github.io/) (WebRender, gfx-rs) * [pcwalton's blog](https://pcwalton.github.io/) (Pathfinder 3) * [raphlinus' blog](https://raphlinus.github.io/) (piet, 2D graphics API considerations, fonts, text rendering, splines, general 2D graphics API design considerations) * [behdad's page](http://behdad.org/) (harfbuzz, fonts, text rendering) ### 2D Graphics API design * [raphlinus: "A crate I want: 2d graphics"](https://raphlinus.github.io/rust/graphics/2018/10/11/2d-graphics.html) * [nical: Following up on the 2d graphics in Rust discussion](https://nical.github.io/posts/rust-2d-graphics-01.html) #### Rust 2D or 3D libs (that aren't `kurbo`) * [`euclid`](https://lib.rs/crates/euclid) and [`lyon_geom`](https://lib.rs/crates/lyon_geom) * [`arcs` by Michael-F-Bryan](https://github.com/Michael-F-Bryan/arcs) ### 2D antialiasing and font rasterization #### Trapezoidal pixel coverage algorithm * [How the stb\_truetype Anti-Aliased Software Rasterizer v2 Works](https://nothings.org/gamedev/rasterize/) * [raphlinus: Inside the fastest fontest renderer in the world](https://medium.com/@raphlinus/inside-the-fastest-font-renderer-in-the-world-75ae5270c445) * (Skia/Spinel team members) [Path rendering by counting pixel coverage](https://www.tdcommons.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1580\&context=dpubs_series) #### Other * [Texts Rasterization Exposures: An attempt to improve text rasterization algorithms using only publicly available information](https://web.archive.org/web/20180921225907/http://antigrain.com/research/font_rasterization/index.html#FONT_RASTERIZATION) * [The Raster Tragedy at Low-Resolution Revisited: Opportunities and Challenges beyond “Delta-Hinting”](http://rastertragedy.com/) ("RL: ...a justification for why Microsoft made exactly the choices they did 10+ years ago...") ### Gamma Correction * [What every coder should know about gamma](https://blog.johnnovak.net/2016/09/21/what-every-coder-should-know-about-gamma/) * [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_correction) ### Papers on approaches to efficient rendering of 2D graphics * [(2014) (Ganacim, Lima, de Figueiredo, Nehab) Massively-Parallel Vector Graphics](http://w3.impa.br/~diego/projects/GanEtAl14/) * [(2017) (Lengyel) GPU-Centered Font Rendering Directly from Glyph Outlines](http://jcgt.org/published/0006/02/02/) (Slug Font Rendering Library) * [(2016) (Li, Hou, Zhou) Efficient GPU Path Rendering Using Scanline Rasterization](http://kunzhou.net/zjugaps/pathrendering/) ### Other links on approaches to efficient rendering of 2D graphics * [Blend 2D - Innovations](https://blend2d.com/doc/innovations.html) ([HN discussion](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19580647)) * [thetamath.com - Easy Scalable Text Rendering on the GPU](https://medium.com/@evanwallace/easy-scalable-text-rendering-on-the-gpu-c3f4d782c5ac) * [nical's Google doc on Pathfinder 3](https://docs.google.com/document/d/146WIsAu7aYC_uvinpCURLS1K8TTSVREAorBi0GCIAMw/edit) ### Mathematics * [Inclusion of a Point in a Polygon](http://geomalgorithms.com/a03-_inclusion.html) (winding number) * [2D graphics rendering course](http://w3.impa.br/~diego/teaching/2021.0/index.html) ### Repositories of interest * [makepad](https://github.com/makepad/makepad) (immediate mode 2D graphics) * [spinel](https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/master/src/graphics/lib/compute) (hyper-optimized, Vulkan 1.1 2D graphics) * [nanovg](https://github.com/memononen/nanovg) * [piet-metal](https://github.com/linebender/piet-metal) (experimental compute approach to 2D graphics) * [pathfinder](https://github.com/pcwalton/pathfinder/) (pcwalton's Pathfinder 3) * [webrender](https://github.com/servo/webrender) (Mozilla gfx team's WebRender) * [glyphy](https://github.com/behdad/glyphy) (behdad's signed distance field approach to font rendering) * [msdfgen](https://github.com/Chlumsky/msdfgen) (multi-channel signed distance field generator) ### xi-org Zulip discussions of interest * [makepad](https://xi.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/147926-druid/topic/makepad) * [Conflation artifacts](https://xi.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/197075-gpu/topic/Conflation.20artifacts) * [Thoughts on piet-metal](https://xi.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/197075-gpu/topic/Thoughts.20on.20piet-metal) * [gpu stream](https://xi.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/197075-gpu) {% hint style="info" %} This wiki is now **archived**. You should instead visit the [Linebender wiki](https://linebender.org/wiki/) at {% endhint %} --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://linebender.gitbook.io/linebender-graphics-wiki/useful-links.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.